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Understanding Liver Dump or Dawn Phenomenon in Diabetes
Understanding Liver Dump or Dawn Phenomenon in Diabetes
Liver dump, dawn phenomenon and dawn effect are all common terms that describe the same condition. It is an abnormally high early-morning fasting increase in blood glucose. It usually occurs between 4:00 AM and 8:00 AM. It occurs in everyone's body, but it has more impact on diabetics than normal bodies. It is more common in people with type I diabetes than in people with type II diabetes. Understanding the phenomenon can go a long way towards helping diabetics manage it.
The liver is responsible for the increase in glucose levels in the bloodstream. The brain, vital organs, the creation of red blood cells, and muscle tissue are constantly consuming glucose to function (24 hours per day). When the glucose levels in the bloodstream drop, the brain sends a message, via hormones, to release more glucose. At the same time, these same hormones signal the pancreas to reduce the amount of insulin that is produced and released into the bloodstream. In a normal body, the balance of glucose and insulin levels will be regulated. However, diabetics have an impaired control over this balance. Type I diabetics and insulin-dependent type II diabetics do not produce, either enough or, any insulin. The insulin in their system is dependent upon periodic injections. When the hormone insulin is out of balance with the other hormones (cotisol, glucagon and epinephrine), the liver will release too much glucose.
Also, as the result of normal hormonal changes. The body's internal clock recognizes that it is morning, and the wake-up process begins. The hormones cause the increase in blood glucose levels. No one actually knows what the exact cause of the phenomenon is, but many believe that it is increases in the hormones cortisol, glucagon and epinephrine, that causes increases in insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is a breakdown in cellular communication, resulting in reduced amounts of insulin attaching to cell membranes, which, in turn, results in the cells not taking glucose in to burn as energy. Insulin resistance is the primary cause of elevated blood glucose levels. Also, while sleeping, the body carries out a process called gluconeogenesis. During gluconeogenesis, the body converts amino acids into glucose. Like the release of stored glycogen the creation of glucose from amino acids occurs in response to hormonal signals. The body, during sleep, responds to signals from several different glands. The pituitary gland produces a growth hormone. The adrenal cortex produces cortisol. The alpha cells in the pancreas make glucagons. The outer layer of the adrenal gland sends out epinephrine. Those hormones raise the blood glucose level. There are specific methods that can be applied to determine if a patient has the liver dump phenomenon.
There are other possible causes of the dawn phenomenon. Insufficient amounts of insulin taken, or incorrect medication amounts taken the night before, may result in increases in blood glucose levels. High glycemic index foods (certain carbohydrates), can cause an increase in morning glucose levels, especially if eaten just before bed time. The only currently known way to determine if the phenomenon exists, is to take blood glucose readings periodically throughout the night. High glucose readings throughout the night will signify if there are other causes, and eliminate the possibility that the patient has the phenomenon. If the patient displays high readings throughout the night, it may not necessarily mean that the phenomenon does not exist. The other possible causes should be eliminated, such as the type of snacks eaten before bed, incorrect medication administration, changes in medications, and possible incorrect settings on an insulin pump if one is used. Particularly the early morning dosages settings. A diet that is high in sodium will stimulate insulin and promote hypoglycemia. A diet that is low in sodium can promote hyperglycemia.
In some cases (not commonly), the phenomenon may be the result of a rebound from a low blood glucose level that has occurred during the night. This is commonly referred to as the Somogyi effect. The dawn phenomenon, unlike the Somogyi effect, it is not the result of antecedent (preceded by) hypoglycemia; they are not the same condition. The insulin taken the night before may be wearing off, which is usually due to too low of a dosage. However, larger dosages may easily cause hypoglycemia during the night. Only experimentation with food types and dosage amounts will tell what the overall effect will be.
Carbohydrate blockers, such as PGX, are known to have a drastic effect on morning glucose levels. Another possible remedy may be to increase the amount of water-soluble fiber in the diet, particularly in the evening meal. Some studies have shown that a green apple eaten as a nighttime snack is effective, because the body digests green apples slower than other apple types. Mostly due to the fact that Granny Smith apples are less ripe than others.. However. those that have been diagnosed as having the dawn phenomenon, sometimes will not show any change. Nuts (or other proteins and fats) are a good choice for a late night snack. Unfortunately, late night snacks can encourage the packing-on of extra pounds.
The practice of taking a dosage of vinegar or acidic products before bed does show a reduction in the morning blood sugars on most people. Unfortunately, the body cannot handle large increases in blood pH, without leaching calcium from the bones. This can prove to be a dangerous practice, especially for women and older diabetics. Vinegar tablets are lower in dosage, and a bit slower in conversion, which can reduce the risk to some extent. However, most of the recommended dosages are as high as six tablets which can cause the same effect. Also, acids promote the increase in fat cells, as the body attempts to eliminate the acids by placing them in fat storage.
Diabetics that have the dawn phenomenon do not have any symptoms that are associated with it. Nocturnal hypoglycemia (low blood sugars), followed by morning hyperglycemia (high blood sugars) for several nights is an indication of the Somogyi effect. It may be necessary to get help from a doctor to resolve it, because most cases are the result of medications that are mismatched to the patient's needs. Metformin, a generic form of a diabetic oral medication (Glucophage), is known to curb glucose production by the liver, which makes it a good candidate for patients that have the dawn phenomenon. Metformin also encourages the insulin bonding to cell membranes, which reduces insulin resistance. Diabetics that take these oral medications rarely experience the dawn phenomenon.
While all diabetics should exercise, the timing of doing the exercises may impact the rebound effect of nighttime hypoglycemia. It may be necessary to exercise as early in the day as possible to avoid the rebound effect. Exercise can stimulate the metabolism to be elevated for several hours after exercise.
How long the patient has been diabetic; the quality of the patient's glycemic control; sleep disorders; exercise; nighttime snacks (especially carbohydrates); high or low sodium in the diet; the state of counter-regulation to hypoglycemia; and the patient's insulin sensitivity all can contribute to the dawn phenomenon. Start by experimenting with nighttime snacks. Switch to proteins such as nuts. Or, stop the nighttime snacks altogether. Make small adjustments to insulin levels and give the change several days to function. Have a doctor test the metabolic rate. Carefully monitor the amounts of sodium in the diet. If sodium is a part of the diet, it should be sea salt. Insulin resistance is caused by belly fat. It may be necessary to eliminate excess weight to eliminate insulin resistance, and improve sleep patterns. Determining if a patient has the dawn phenomenon, can require the help of a doctor if medications are responsible for the problem.
Learn about all aspects of diabetes including the cause of diabetes, diabetes control, reversing the effects of diabetes on vital organs, protecting the body from damage due to diabetes, weight loss and control, cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart disease, eye health, insulin resistance and many other important topics at www.diabeticshandbook.com.
What Would a Fashion Model's Diet Plan be
Have you ever wondered how the so-called super models manage to get in such good shape and stay trim, even after having a family?
Fashion models depend on their slim figures for their livelihood, so it's imperative that they always look good. Don't worry, I'm not suggesting that you should embark on a diet of leaves and nuts. I'm not an advocate of the size zero, but I'm sure you'll find it interesting to know what sort of diet a fashion model would choose.
The Fashion Models Diet Plan
A favourite way for models to look good is to "Cleanse" or "Fast". This is not a complete starvation diet, as it will include the intake of soups and fruit juices over a 3 to7 day period. It is more of a detox routine and is gernerally only carried out once or twice a year.
The benefits of this detox is to obviously rid the body of harmful toxins, such as preservatives and food additives together with inhaled smoke and fumes. It also gives the colon a chance to rid the digestive system of any fecal build up. The results can be dramatic as the liver and kidneys are able to repair and replace damaged cells instead of continuing to rid the body of toxins.
A typical "Cleanse" diet might consist of a combination of fresh carrots, celery, beet, spinach, apple, coconut, broth and juices. Citrus and tomato juices are too acidic to drink while fasting so these should be avoided. It's important to drink plenty of water during the detox and avoid consuming any unnecessary medications or supplements.
The advantages of a detox are weight loss, reduced body odour, shinier finger nails, stronger hair, reduced cellulite, a glowing complexion and more beautiful eyes.
After the detox, the typical fashion model will then begin her normal eating habits, which to some people may appear to be a "real" diet. However, it will simply be a healthy balanced diet, which might typically consist of the following:
---Breakfast (9am)
One boiled egg with a slice of wholewheat bread
A bowl of cereal with skimmed milk
Black coffee
Total 369 calories
---Lunch (12.30pm)
Turkey salad with balsamic vinaigrette
Cup of tea with skimmed milk
Total 320 calories
---Early Evening Snack (4.30pm)
Low fat Jell-O pudding
Total 100 calories
---Dinner (8pm)
Lean Cuisine chicken a l'orange with rice
2 slices of low fat cheddar cheese with wholewheat crackers
Total 448 calories
The total calorie intake for a typical day is 1237. The aim of the diet is to keep the daily calorie count below 1500.
This is a typical example of a fashion model's diet, which will also involve some form of aerobic exercises 3 times a week.
So, as you can see it's not at all what you might have originally thought. It's just a sensible eating plan and a sensible exercise routine. However, if even this diet seems a little too much to stomach, you could try a natural herbal diet remedy.
Here are the top 5 tips that fashion models highly recommend for staying in trim.
1. Decrease your alcohol consumption. Alcohol suppresses the body's ability to burn fat.
2. Eat more Black Pepper, Ginger, Chile Peppers. Spicy food helps speed up the body's metabolism.
3. Increase your muscle mass. Muscle burns fat, so adding 5lbs of muscle will help you burn another 250 calories a day.
3. Increase your vitamin B and Calcium intake. The B-Vitamins give you more energy and increase your metabolism.
4. Drink More Water. A healthy, well-hydrated body is important to flush out toxins and aid in metabolising fats
5. Increase your intake of Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Omega 3 fatty acids can help to balance blood sugar levels and control appetite.
How to Make Your Own Swimsuit
Summer is nearly here, and it is time to ensure the maximum amount of fun and relaxation for those fun, warm months. You have your pool and/or spa ready to go, but do you have that ideal, flattering swimsuit to showcase all of your hard work? As most women know, shopping for a swimsuit can be one of the most painful, depressing experiences known to man (or woman). Why not avoid all of the hassle of shopping for a suit this year, and make your own customized swimsuit, meant to fit your body exactly? Whether you are a novice or experienced sewer, you can create a fun, flattering swimsuit for your specific figure at a fraction of the cost of ready-made swimsuits. This brief guide to making your own swimsuit will get you started with the right pattern, fabric, and notions. After that, the sky is the limit with what you can do with your own homemade, incredibly personalized swimsuit.
Patterns
Most pattern companies offer swimsuit patterns, but not all swimsuit patterns are equal in their merits. If you are looking for a swimsuit pattern that will be fairly simple, come in a wide range of styles, and provide the best fit for your unique body, there are a couple of pattern companies that offer the best swimsuit patterns for you. Patterns from Kwik Sew and Stretch & Sew specialize in swimsuit fabrics and provide the best selection of styles and the most consistent fit. Also, these companies take torso length into consideration when creating their size charts and patterns. Torso length is one of the most important aspects of sizing a homemade swimsuit correctly.
Sizing
Most patterns will provide a size chart on the pattern so you can get the right pattern cutouts for your body figure. It is generally best to follow this size layout, but keep in mind that the best swimsuit size for you is anywhere from one to three sizes larger than the size you normally wear in pants or dresses. Spandex fabric does tend to grow a bit when wet, however, so be sure your swimsuit is not too large when you try it on for your initial fitting.
Fabric
Most fabric stores carry a good selection of spandex and Lycra fabrics for swimsuits. While you may make a swimsuit out of any number of fabrics, including both cotton and velvet, a spandex-based material is the easiest to work with for your first homemade swimsuit, and it is the most likely to provide the stretch and coverage you need. Most spandex fabric comes in either two-way stretch fabric or four-way stretch fabric. Two-way stretch refers to the ability of the fabric to stretch and recover both vertically and horizontally while four-way stretch refers to the fabric’s ability to stretch vertically, horizontally, and from any angle. Four-way stretch fabric is likely to be somewhat more expensive but also more durable and elastic. Two-way stretch fabrics have a tendency to run but are still acceptable for use in a recreational swimsuit. Just keep in mind that they are less durable.
When buying fabric for your swimsuit, you will want to keep several different factors in mind. First, you will want to buy a fabric that has been treated for chlorine resistance (especially if you plan to do any swimming in your swimsuit). Most fabrics designed for swimwear are somewhat chlorine resistant, but you should ask the salesperson before you buy any fabric. Next, you will want to buy a fabric in a color and/or print that you feel comfortable wearing and that flatters your body. Keep in mind that darker colors and prints tend to slim and conceal while pastel and shiny fabrics highlight flaws. Before purchasing a fabric, hold it up to your body to ensure that the color works with your natural features. Finally, you will want a fabric that has the proper amount of stretch and recovery. Be sure to observe the stretch and recovery of the fabric before you purchase it.
Lining
To make a swimsuit that is truly opaque, you will also need to purchase swimwear lining. Most fabric stores carry lining in close proximity to swimsuit fabric. If you are using a light or medium color/print in your swimsuit, you will want to purchase enough lining for the front and crotch of the suit. An unlined back of the suit will allow for extra stretch to compensate for the lining in the front. If you are using a darker material for your swimsuit, you may need only enough lining for the crotch. You should try to match the color of the swimsuit lining as closely as possible to the color of your swimsuit material.
Notions
To actually assemble your suit, you will need thread, needles, and elastic for the armholes, leg holes, neck hole, and straps. The elastic you purchase should be treated for chlorine resistance, as chlorine has a tendency to break down the elasticity of untreated elastics. In general, cotton-wrapped elastics are best for comfort and reliability in swimsuits. Based on the pattern, you will probably need an elastic width of 3/8 inch for the armholes, leg holes, and neck hole and _ inch for the straps. To ensure the durability of your swimsuit, you will want to use a polyester or texturized nylon thread in both the needle and bobbin of your sewing machine. Feel free to play around with the color of the thread. This color does not necessarily need to match the color of the swimsuit and can be used to add decorative stitching to the body of the suit.
Cutting and Sewing Your Suit
After you have purchased all of the necessary elements of your swimsuit, you are ready to start cutting, sewing, and fitting your suit. In general, you should follow the directions of your pattern for both the cutting and sewing of swimsuit fabric (which can appear somewhat different than other fabrics). Remember to conduct several fittings before the final sewing of your swimsuit to ensure you create a swimsuit you will be proud to display all season long.
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